In recent years, the field of veterinary dermatology has witnessed remarkable advancements, particularly with the introduction of Apoquel and Cytopoint. These innovative treatments have significantly expanded the options available for managing canine itching, offering relief for many dogs suffering from dermatological conditions.
Understanding and utilizing these treatments, however, can be complex. A critical first step is to carefully consider the potential side effects associated with each medication.
Apoquel Reported Side Effects:
Apoquel’s Side Effects include a generally low incidence of adverse reactions. Despite this, some reported side effects are noteworthy:
- Serious infections like pneumonia and generalized demodicosis can occur, especially in dogs under 1 year old.
- Not recommended for pregnant or lactating females.
- The safety of combining Apoquel with steroids and/or Atopica over long periods has not been established.
- A small percentage of dogs may experience gastrointestinal upset, adult-onset demodicosis, chronic papillomavirus, elevated liver enzymes (observed by the author after one month of treatment), an increased risk of histiocytoma, and very rarely, leukopenia or other hematologic abnormalities.
Cytopoint Reported Side Effects:
Cytopoint’s Side Effects are even rarer, reinforcing its safety profile:
- Very rare allergic reactions.
- Occasional gastrointestinal upset.
Before deciding on these therapies, it’s essential to assess contraindications, such as age restrictions for Apoquel and medication interactions.
Benefits of Apoquel include quick action, broader anti-inflammatory effects than Cytopoint, making it suitable for skin and ear infections, and effectiveness in cases where Cytopoint might not work.
Benefits of Cytopoint also encompass rapid effectiveness, the specific targeting of IL-31 without suppressing the immune system, suitability for dogs of any age, compatibility with other medications, and being an injectable solution with no reported organ side effects.
When evaluating these options, Cytopoint emerges as particularly beneficial for younger dogs, those on other medications, and those who struggle with oral medications.
Logistical Considerations also play a role:
- For Apoquel, establishing a baseline with CBC/chemistry before and one month after starting treatment, with further checks at six months and annually, is advised. Its tablet form and cost are practical considerations.
- Cytopoint requires in-clinic injections, which may not suit all pet owners, and cost considerations apply here as well.
While Cytopoint generally poses fewer side effects and might be the preferred initial choice, neither treatment guarantees effectiveness in every dog. Some may not respond or may cease responding over time. Immediate effect within a day or two is typical, so if symptoms persist, alternative treatments should be considered.
Non-drug therapies, such as specialized diets, supplements, and topical treatments, should not be overlooked as part of a comprehensive allergy management strategy. Despite the potential need for pharmaceutical intervention, exploring these options can significantly enhance a dog’s quality of life.
Alternatives to Apoquel and Cytopoint include natural options like Yucca and Quercetin, which offer anti-inflammatory and antihistamine properties, respectively. Atopica remains an alternative, though it comes with its own side effect profile.
Choosing Between Apoquel and Cytopoint
Decision-making involves considering contraindications, benefits, and logistical aspects:
Benefits
- Apoquel offers quick action and broader anti-inflammatory effects, ideal for skin and ear infections.
- Cytopoint targets IL-31 without suppressing the immune system, is suitable for dogs of any age, and has no reported organ side effects.
Logistics
- Apoquel: Involves initial and follow-up bloodwork, administered as an easy-to-give tablet.
- Cytopoint: Requires in-clinic injections, presenting logistical challenges for some pet owners.
Apoquel vs Cytopoint – Conclusion.
In summary, while Apoquel and Cytopoint are groundbreaking in managing dog allergies, their use requires a balanced approach considering the dog’s overall health, potential side effects, and the practical aspects of administration. Non-pharmaceutical options also play a crucial role in a holistic allergy management plan.
Alternatives to Pharmaceutical Interventions
Beyond these pharmaceuticals, exploring non-drug therapies is crucial for a holistic approach:
- Natural Options: Yucca and Quercetin offer anti-inflammatory and antihistamine benefits, respectively.
- Diet and Supplements: Specialized diets, vitamin A, essential fatty acids, and zinc supplements can significantly impact allergy management.